ABSTRACT
A digital voting system is a process that allows people to vote while sitting at their homes and is based on their face recognition identification. The votes will be counted and saved in a blockchain-based structure which is secure and immutable, thus giving availability with security in a system. The traditional voting system does not allow people to vote sitting at their home. Considering the situation of covid, everything is going digital. Questions on EVM from losing parties regarding some malfunctioning. Copyright © 2022, IGI Global.
ABSTRACT
Councils are a common organisational structure of Portuguese Universities and Polytechnic Institutes. They make the key decisions, in these organisations, by nominal voting at assembly meetings. The COVID pandemic forced the remote work upon most organisations, including universities and polytechnic institutes. Assuming that a remote assembly requires additional efforts in order to guarantee the integrity of the majority decisions taken by votes expressed by its members, opportunity arises for the use of a blockchain-assisted voting system. Benefits of blockchain, such as verifiability, immutability, tamper resistant, and its distributed nature appear to be a good fit. We propose a novel blockchain-assisted system to support the decision making of academic councils that operate by nominal voting in assemblies, gathering remotely and online. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
The COVID'19 pandemic of recent times has changed the trends of socializing, that is, from physical to online (virtual) presence. Likewise, remote or work-from-home culture has flourished and resulted in business gains with the least maintenance cost. However, the situation has its downsides, like risking users' privacy and compromising their anonymity by getting hacked, which has caused distrust in online businesses/activities. i-voting is also not indifferent, where people fear compromising their anonymity by casting votes via digital electoral. In an attempt to rebuild trust in i-voting, this research, as a test case, focuses on the security aspects of the authentication mechanisms used in the i-voting System of Estonia. It is to pledge the significance of voter authentication just before a vote gets cast because admittance to internal applications may expose the network to instant attack. Following that is the suggested remedy for the limitations observed, such as using a static e/m-ID for online transactions and limited time verifiability of their casted vote, through our proposed digital authentication mechanism, which ensures the anonymity of both the ballot and the voter and is a novel contribution to date. © 2022 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
The characteristics of the electoral process in European countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic are described in this article. Following the pandemic, the world has been adjusting to changes in the social and political realms that have occurred over the previous year. Because political institutions are accountable for decisions made, restrictions put on businesses and citizens, and the efficiency of the coronavirus fight, the electoral institutions, which face challenges in all European nations, receive the most attention. To do this, the author provides an outline of electoral geography as a popular tool for understanding political processes, analyzes elections as a credible institution required for power legitimization, and identifies electoral practices in the COVID-19 pandemic. Electoral geography methods and a comparative analysis of electoral practices are used in the research. Trust, it is decided, creates a climate in society, which contributes to the development and successful settlement of problems. In a trusting society, residents can choose from a variety of voting options, and elections become the most crucial measure of that trust. Electoral practices have been reflected in the pandemic restrictions. However, there is a clear trend toward the active implementation of remote electronic voting, which isn't flawless yet but is a strategic goal in current election campaigns. Simultaneously, greater demands are placed on the election process' security, control, openness, and transparency. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant transformations of electoral institutions, and provoked changes in the politics of electoral reforms in some polities. The paper claims that Russia has used a special model of electoral reform during the pandemic that differs from both its previous experience and recommendations of international organizations. The comparative historical method is applied to bridge internal and external explanations that may offer an understanding of the current reform of electoral rule in the Russian political context. The pandemic has become a reason for changing traditional electoral procedures and for implementing this reform. Empirical evidence suggests that the reform has been implemented by a depoliticized technocratic procedure ignoring the principles of political consensus. The reform process implies a shift of the government's main efforts from decision-making to increasing dependence on propaganda, and informational confrontation with opponents in the subsequent reform cycle. The approach to the implementation of the electoral reform casts doubt on the level of public support for the new procedures and exacerbates political risks. © 2022 Copyright 2022 by Brill Schöningh.
ABSTRACT
A digital voting system is a process that allows people to vote while sitting at their homes and is based on their face recognition identification. The votes will be counted and saved in a blockchain-based structure which is secure and immutable, thus giving availability with security in a system. The traditional voting system does not allow people to vote sitting at their home. Considering the situation of covid, everything is going digital. Questions on EVM from losing parties regarding some malfunctioning.
ABSTRACT
A digital voting system which allows people to vote sitting at their home based on their face recognition. The votes will be counted and saved in a blockchain, based structure which is secure and immutable, thus giving availability with security in a system. The traditional voting system does not allow people to vote sitting at their home. Considering the situation of covid everything is going digital. Questions on EVM from losing parties regarding some malfunctioning. Digital, secure, reliable, user friendly and a low-cost system. Standing in long queues during voting is a tiring and time-consuming process. DDoS assaults, polling booth capturing, vote tampering and manipulation, malware attacks, and other security issues are all present in today's voting systems. The voting process may be made safer, more transparent, immutable, and dependable by utilizing blockchain technology. Our current voting system is questioned by a variety of stakeholders, including political parties and ordinary citizens, because votes are manipulated, citizens find voting a time-consuming task, and, most importantly, the current pandemic situation has digitized almost all areas of interest in our county. As a result, to resolve the issue produced by the physical voting system. © 2022 ACM.
ABSTRACT
In the wake of the COVID-19 crisis that began in 2020, countries all over the world had to develop new solutions in legislation to replace various traditionally physical operations with digital solutions. Estonia, with rules in the field of company law and in holding shareholders' meetings, was no exception. In May 2020, new regulation was introduced into Estonian law, allowing shareholders to participate in meetings using digital means. Although electronic voting itself was already allowed under Estonian law before 2020, the new situation raised a number of legal issues. This article addresses these issues and possible solutions with regard to the legal perspective of electronic voting. As the law does not contain precise requirements for holding an electronic vote, there are many aspects that must be considered in order to comply with the general principles of company law, e.g., how to identify the person giving their vote, and how to ensure the security and reliability of electronic voting. Based on the analysis in this article, the procedure must ensure the identification of shareholders as well as the reliability of casting votes, but must also be proportionate for achieving these aims. © International Comparative Jurisprudence.All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Although it never prevailed, i-voting has been present in the public discourse in Poland for over ten years. Despite declarations of some political parties to implement innovative voting methods to facilitate the election process for eligible citizens, no legal basis has been created for i-voting as yet. In 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic exposed weaknesses of a limited range of voting methods available both in ordinary and extraordinary situations. The paper analyses and explains the support for additional election methods among voters in Poland. The analysis of demographic features and political preferences highlights differences in opinions on i-voting as a remote voting method. The research is based on a statistical analysis of data from a survey conducted in Poland between March and May 2018. © 2022 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
ABSTRACT
Voting is the backbone of democracy and the fundamental right of every citizen. BlockChain based Election is like a boon for every nation through which the election can be conducted digitally, Unlike those old (paper based) and traditional (EVM) voting systems it makes the whole process of election safe, smooth and easy. In this era of Covid-19 this Block chain enabled election is the need of the hour, People can cast votes from their own space just with the help of a mobile phone or a computer, Security would get enhanced and threats like EVM hacking, Chaos at election booth would reduce drastically just by the implementation of this advanced voting system. Personal ID's and unique keys would be provided to each and every eligible voter which can't be tampered at any cost. It has two modules to make the entire project look consolidated and unified. First module is the Election Commission who could be liable for undertaking it, appending concerned everyone competing for the voting attached under blockchain. User end will be the resident's component where every eligible voter can choose a leader according to their separate Constituent sitting and the votes would get registered on the blockchain to make it tamper protected. © 2022 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
Covid-19 pandemic has stressed more than any-time before the necessity for conducting election processes in an electronic manner, where voters can cast their votes remotely with complete security, privacy, and trust. The different voting schema in different countries makes it very difficult to utilize a one fits all system. This paper presents a blockchain based voting system (BBVS) applied to the Parliamentary elections system in the country of Jordan. The proposed system is a private and centralized blockchain implemented in a simulated environment. The proposed BBVS system implements a hierarchical voting process, where a voter casts votes at two levels, one for a group, and the second for distinct members within the group. This paper provides a novel blockchain based e-Voting system, which proves to be transparent and yet secure. This paper utilizes synthetic voter benchmarks to measure the performance, accuracy and integrity of the election process. This research introduced and implemented new algorithms and methods to maintain acceptable performance both at the time of creating the blockchain(s) for voters and candidates as well as at the time of casting votes by voters.
ABSTRACT
The voting mechanism is extremely important in a democratic country like India. And we all know that any flaw in the voting mechanism will raise serious concerns about the entire electoral process. Creating a crowd in the existing scenario of Covid-19 also adds a lot of complications. As a result, in such a situation, the online voting system will be a huge success in the election. However, the online system's security and transparency raise certain concerns. So incorporating blockchain into online E-voting will eliminate all of these flaws. The method allows voters to register and vote for any candidate. The vote will be saved in a secure block chain, but all other information, such as the voter's name, city, and whether they voted or not, will be accessible to anybody via the website. This system will provide security by denying duplication of votes. © 2022 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
India is a highly densely populated country. India is facing a very serious challenge due to the novel COVID-I9 outbreak. In this situation, the economic state of the people is very unstable. Blockchain technology proves helpful to subdue the situation. A voting system with ballot papers is quite tuff now. It is very costly for the government. The pandemic may also spread very quickly. The system of developing ledger serves the idea of developments of a new e-voting system that is economical, easy to use, and highly secure. This paper proposes ways and solutions to design an e-voting system using blockchain technology. The paper's primary goal is to develop a highly secure e-voting technique using which people can cast their valuable votes from their home, working place - anywhere from the world. This e-voting technique is least costly, highly secure, and able to prevent further spreading of any infectious disease in the near future. In this paper, an e-voting system using blockchain has been designed to overcome all these difficulties mentioned above during traditional voting using ballot. The significance of the proposed work is to design of a highly safe and least costly e- voting system using blockchain. Using this system the people can cast their vote easily, securely and without wasting any time. Casting vote will be now just from few clicks away and from any place with a stable internet connection. © 2021 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
In this paper we propose the use of secure contactless Electronic Voting Machine(EVM). We used a Radio Frequency Identification(RFID) reader to authenticate the voter's identity, and Infrared(IR) sensors to implement contact-less voting to curb the spread of Covid-19. Significant components used are Arduino Uno, FC-51 Infrared Module, EM-18 RFID reader, keypad, and I2C PCF5874T for Liquid Crystal Display(LCD). The software used to program these components is Arduino IDE. This EVM ensures security in two ways - authorizing the identity of the voters before they are allowed to vote, as well as providing a contact-less experience for the voter. An extra layer of security is added, so that when the candidates and Election Commission are present and enter their respective passwords, only then can the results be accessed. © 2021 IEEE.